Urban development in Zanzibar lessons for the Global South

The Zanzibar & Stone Town Bicycle Master Plan charts a transformative course toward a cleaner, greener, and more connected island. Rooted in community collaboration and design innovation, this visionary initiative celebrates Zanzibar’s unique character while tackling urban challenges such as traffic congestion, limited access, and environmental impact. Through small-scale, high-impact interventions known as tactical urbanism, the plan reimagines mobility — encouraging cycling, walking, and local enterprise as tools for inclusive growth. It’s more than infrastructure; it’s a movement toward sustainable living, social equity, and cultural preservation. Housing, mobility and urban development are connected; mobility systems become crucial for enhancing diverse income generating opportunities as well as ease of access to service. We therefore see this theme are related to the "the social and economic power of housing". Achieving the "right" densities, focusing on public space, encouraging alternative forms of mobility and building national and cross-border partnerships are essential towards achieving innovations in urban development. Our moderators and panelists will present the Zanzibar project as it stands at present, they will discuss possibilities for taking it forward and also possibilities of sharing lessons with other contexts in the Global South. The panelists will reflect, critique and offer experiences from their own contexts. Cycling has been part of Zanzibar’s rhythm for over a century. Today, with its flat terrain, short distances, and vibrant heritage core, the island is perfectly positioned to lead Africa in non-motorised transport innovation. This master plan isn’t about replacing the old — it’s about amplifying it. By connecting markets, schools, hospitals, and heritage landmarks, the cycling network aims to improve accessibility, stimulate local commerce, and promote healthier lifestyles. Reduced congestion and carbon emissions Revitalised street life and safer public spaces Economic upliftment through cycling-related jobs and tourism Enhanced access to heritage zones and local markets Empowerment of women and youth through inclusive mobility